As known, earth contains 71% of water and in the water percentage composition only 3% of water is the freshwater rest 100% water is saline water which lies in oceans, freshwater is drawn from springs, rivers, and lakes, but this freshwater is contaminated with germs and impurities. To eradicate these impurities and germs, water is purified and supplied to us for our consumption; some systems purify the water from germs and impurities before our consumption is a water purification system. Before the water purification system era, people used to boil the water, which made it a very effective drinking water purification system, but when it comes to mass consumption of freshwater, boiling water is not a suitable drinking water purification system.

In that case, commercial water purifications systems are used, home water purification systems in India is of three types RO (Reverse Osmosis) water purifier, UV (Ultra Violet) water purifier, and UF (Ultrafiltration) water purifier, water purifiers used in the home are small water purification systems and portable as well. Small Water purification, which is used for household purposes, price ranges from Rs- 5,000/-Rs50,000/- and commercial top water purification systems used for industrial purposes their price ranges from Rs1.5 lakhs-Rs15 lakhs.

Which Water Purifier Is Best?

Better purification system for a household depends on the TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) level of water that has to be filtered if the TDS level is less than 200 Ultra Filter water purifiers is suitable, if TDS level ranges from 200-500, then Ultra Violet water purifiers are suitable, and if TDS ranges from 500-2000, then RO UV water purifier is suitable for household consumption. The best water purification system for a household is Reverse Osmosis+ Ultra Violet+ Ultra Filter with the TDS controller.

As we discussed, there are three types of water purifiers, and the water filtration process varies as per the water purification system. For example, in RO (Reverse Osmosis) water purifier, water molecules pass from a reverse osmosis membrane which contains microscopic pores that filter out harmful bacteria's and metals from water, but at the same time, it filters out the essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, etc. that are required by the human body and it demands high maintenance cost.

In UV water purifier water is passed from a tube that contains ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet rays present in the tube changes the DNA of bacteria's and harmful germs which makes them inactive, Ultra Violet filter kills the germs and harmful bacteria's without any wastage of water, it does not change the taste and pH level of water, but it does not remove heavy metals from water such as lead, arsenic, etc.

UF (Ultra Filter) water purifiers are also known as non-electric purifiers. In this, water passes from a membrane followed by an activated carbon cartridge, which eradicates the solid impurities from water and filters out freshwater suitable for drinking. It does not require any electricity to operate. It is effortless to install and carry from one place to another; it has a meager running cost, making it a very economical water purifier system. Still, it is a time-consuming process as the water takes time to filter out, and it does not kill germs, viruses and bacteria. If the consumption capacity is more than industrial large water purification systems are used, ranging the filtration capacity from 50lts-30000lts per hour.

Conclusion

The suitability of commercial water purifiers is based upon the source of water such as raindrops, municipal sewage, river water, bore well water, etc. The variants could be automatic or semi-automatic. The process that commercial water purification system undergoes is different from that of domestic one in industrial water purification there are 4 process through which water gets pass before getting the filter out, the first process is Screening, in this process water straight from the source is made to pass through a screen so that solid particles get to filter out, the second process is known as Flocculation in which with the help of chemicals larger particles left get sunk or float in the tank, the third process is of filtration, different purifiers filter the water using different filters to filter out the particles, the fourth and last process is of disinfection, in this process water is added with disinfectant chemicals such as chlorine which kills harmful bacteria's and other microorganisms, sometimes ultra-filtration, reverse osmosis or ultraviolet is used to filter out water.

Water purification system in India installed in households or industries should be appropriately maintained once it gets operational as water is an essential resource to the human body, and if not pure, it can cause many severe health problems such as jaundice, diarrhea; therefore, there should be no compromising in choosing the best water purifier system for your home or industry.